Application of PET-LINAC in Biology-guided Radiotherapy / 中国医疗器械杂志

Biology-guided radiotherapy (BgRT) is a novel technique of external beam radiotherapy, combining positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) with a linear accelerator (LINAC). The key innovation is to utilize PET signals from tracers in tumor tissues for real-time tracking and guiding beamlets. Compared with a traditional LINAC system, a BgRT system is more complex in hardware design, software algorithm, system integration and clinical workflow. RefleXion Medical has developed the world's first BgRT system. Nevertheless, its actively advertised function, PET-guided radiotherapy, is still in the research and development phase. In this review study, we presented a number of issues related to BgRT, including its technical advantages and potential challenges.

Recent technical research hot spots and development progresses in medical whole-body positron emission tomography / 生物医学工程学杂志

Medical whole-body positron emission tomography (PET), one of the most successful molecular imaging technologies, has been widely used in the fields of cancer diagnosis, cardiovascular disease diagnosis and cranial nerve study. But, on the other hand, the sensitivity, spatial resolution and signal-noise-ratio of the commercial medical whole-body PET systems still have some shortcomings and a great room for improvement. The sensitivity, spatial resolution and signal-noise-ratio of PET system are largely affected by the performances of the scintillators and the photo detectors. The design of a PET system is usually a trade-off in cost and performance. A better image quality can be achieved by optimizing and balancing the key components which affect the system performance the most without dramatically increases in cost. With the development of the scintillator, photo-detector and high speed electronic system, the performance of medical whole-body PET system would be dramatically improved. In this paper, we report current progresses and discuss future directions of the developments of technologies in medical whole-body PET system.

The diagnosis and treatment of the close renal trauma (a report 129 cases) / 中国基层医药

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic rate and treatment effect of close renal trauma.Methods The clinical data of 129 cases of close renal trauma were analyzed retrospectively. Results Lumbago or bellyache occurred in 109 cases,hematuria 113 cases,coexistent injuries of other organs 81 cases. 129 cases were examined by type B-ultrasonography, 102 cases by CT scan open operation on 17 cases and others were treated non-operatively. 118 cases have been followed up for 3 months to 56 months with normal urine routine and IVU.Conclusions Usually urine inspection and B-ultrasonography were simple,instant reliable and safe. The accurate diagnosis rate was higher with CT scanning,CT scan was helpful in detecting the degree of renal injury and any coexistent injuries,and to estimate the treatment effect. Laparotomy should undertaken for the case of severe injury or with coexistent injuries in rime.

Coded excitation and its applications in medical ultrasound imaging / 生物医学工程学杂志

Compared with medical ultrasonic pulse-echo imaging system, coded excitation system has the potential of higher SNR and deeper penetration depth. In this paper, the basic principle of coded excitation is introduced. Through acoustic intensity analysis, the maximum improvement of SNR of ultrasonic image with coded excitation is deduced. Then, guide lines to choose codes in ultrasonic imaging are introduced. Some codes, such as white noise, pseudo-random code, Golay code, Chirp and pseudo-chirp are described in details. At last, the applications of ultrasonic coded excitation in B-mode imaging, Doppler flow measurement, B-flow imaging and harmonics imaging are described.